The core database containing two sections: Swiss-Prot (manually annotated and reviewed entries) and TrEMBL (automatically annotated entries). Each entry provides a comprehensive summary of protein function, sequence, taxonomy, and cross-references.
Provides clustered sets of sequences from UniProtKB and selected UniParc records to reduce redundancy at different identity thresholds (UniRef100, UniRef90, UniRef50).
A comprehensive archive of publicly available protein sequences, storing all sequences in a non-redundant form with cross-references to their source databases and version history.
Provides access to complete sets of proteins thought to be expressed by an organism, including reference proteomes that are manually selected as representative of a species.
Integrated tools for sequence similarity search (BLAST), multiple sequence alignment, and identifier conversion between UniProt and hundreds of external databases.
Programmatic interfaces for accessing UniProt data: a RESTful API for common queries and a SPARQL endpoint for querying the RDF representation of UniProtKB.
A molecular biologist discovers a novel gene sequence from sequencing data. They use UniProt BLAST to find homologous proteins with known functions. By examining the detailed annotations (function, pathways, domains) of top hits in UniProtKB, they can infer the putative function of their novel gene, plan validation experiments, and understand its potential biological role.
A pharmaceutical researcher identifies a protein implicated in a disease pathway. They use UniProt to comprehensively review the protein's function, known ligands, interacting partners, expression patterns, and any existing drug associations. This information helps assess its 'druggability,' understand potential side effects via pathways, and identify relevant model organisms for testing.
An evolutionary biologist studies the conservation of a protein family across species. They use UniRef clusters to obtain non-redundant representative sequences and UniProt's taxonomy filters to retrieve sequences from specific lineages. Multiple sequence alignments and domain architecture comparisons facilitated by UniProt tools help trace gene duplication events and functional divergence.
A proteomics scientist working with mass spectrometry data has a list of identified peptide sequences or protein accession numbers. They use UniProt's ID Mapping service to convert identifiers to a standard format and then retrieve crucial information like molecular weight, isoelectric point, post-translational modifications, and subcellular localization to aid in the biological interpretation of their dataset.
An educator designing a course in bioinformatics or molecular biology uses UniProt as a primary teaching resource. Students learn to navigate the entry page, interpret different annotation types, perform simple BLAST searches, and understand the evidence behind annotations (manual vs. automatic). This provides hands-on experience with a professional-grade database.
A bioinformatician building a local analysis pipeline or a new web tool needs reliable protein data. They use the UniProt REST API or FTP downloads to regularly import relevant datasets (e.g., human proteome, enzyme classifications) into their local system, ensuring their tool is powered by up-to-date, curated information.
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