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Productivity & Docs
x265
x265 logo
Productivity & Docs

x265

x265 is an open-source High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC/H.265) encoder library developed by MulticoreWare. It is a software implementation that converts raw video into the highly efficient HEVC format, offering significantly better compression than its predecessor H.264/AVC while maintaining similar visual quality. x265 is widely used by video streaming services, broadcasters, and content creators to reduce bandwidth and storage requirements. The tool operates as a command-line application and library that can be integrated into various media processing pipelines. It supports a wide range of encoding parameters, presets, and tuning options for different use cases from real-time streaming to archival quality. x265 is particularly valuable for 4K and HDR content where file sizes would otherwise be prohibitively large. The project is community-driven with contributions from industry leaders and continues to evolve with regular updates and optimizations.

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Key Features

HEVC/H.265 Compliance

Implements the complete High Efficiency Video Coding standard supporting Main, Main 10, and Main Still Picture profiles. Provides full compatibility with HEVC decoders and playback devices.

Advanced Rate Control

Supports multiple rate control methods including Constant Rate Factor (CRF), constant bitrate (CBR), variable bitrate (VBR), and two-pass encoding for precise file size management.

Parallel Processing

Implements Wavefront Parallel Processing (WPP), frame-based multithreading, and lookahead to efficiently utilize modern multi-core CPUs.

HDR and Wide Color Gamut

Supports 10-bit and 12-bit encoding, HDR10, HDR10+, and HLG formats with metadata insertion for --master-display, --max-cll, and --dhdr10-info.

Preset System

Offers predefined encoding presets from 'ultrafast' to 'placebo' that balance encoding speed against compression efficiency with a single parameter.

Psychovisual Optimizations

Includes --tune parameters for specific content types (film, animation, grain, psnr, ssim) and adaptive quantization that prioritizes perceptually important areas.

Pricing

Open Source

$0
  • ✓Full access to x265 encoder source code
  • ✓All encoding features and presets
  • ✓Community support via forums and GitHub
  • ✓Regular updates from the development team
  • ✓GPL license allows modification and redistribution

Commercial Support

custom
  • ✓Custom development and optimization services
  • ✓Priority bug fixes and feature requests
  • ✓Technical support and consulting
  • ✓Integration assistance for specific platforms
  • ✓Possible proprietary extensions or optimizations

Use Cases

1

Video Streaming Services

Streaming platforms like Netflix, Amazon Prime, and YouTube use x265 to encode their content libraries into HEVC format. This reduces bandwidth requirements by 40-50% compared to H.264 while maintaining quality, allowing higher resolution streams (4K, HDR) within existing infrastructure. The savings translate to lower CDN costs and better experiences for users with limited bandwidth.

2

Broadcast and Professional Production

Television broadcasters and production studios use x265 for archiving and distributing high-quality content. The encoder handles professional formats including 4:2:2 chroma subsampling, 10-bit depth, and HDR metadata. Facilities can store more content in their media asset management systems and transmit higher quality feeds within satellite/terrestrial bandwidth constraints.

3

User-Generated Content Platforms

Social media and video sharing platforms integrate x265 into their transcoding pipelines to process uploads from users. The improved compression allows platforms to store petabytes of video more efficiently while still delivering acceptable quality to viewers. This is particularly valuable for mobile-focused platforms where data usage concerns are significant.

4

Security and Surveillance

Security camera systems use x265 to compress continuous video feeds from multiple cameras. The efficient compression enables longer retention periods on storage devices and reduces network bandwidth for remote monitoring. Some implementations use the --tune zerolatency option for real-time encoding with minimal delay.

5

Open Source Media Applications

Applications like HandBrake, FFmpeg, and VLC integrate x265 as their HEVC encoding backend. This allows end-users to convert their personal video collections to HEVC for efficient storage on personal devices. The open-source nature ensures these applications can offer state-of-the-art compression without licensing fees.

6

Research and Development

Academic institutions and companies use x265 as a reference implementation for video compression research. The accessible source code allows modification and experimentation with new algorithms. Researchers can test new coding tools or optimization techniques within a complete, production-quality encoder framework.

How to Use

  1. Step 1: Download and install x265 from the official website or package manager (e.g., apt-get install x265 on Ubuntu, brew install x265 on macOS, or compile from source).
  2. Step 2: Prepare your source video file in a compatible format (YUV raw video, Y4M, or common container formats via FFmpeg integration).
  3. Step 3: Use the command-line interface with basic syntax: x265 [options] input-file output-file.hevc, starting with presets like --preset medium for balanced speed/quality.
  4. Step 4: Configure encoding parameters based on your needs: set CRF (Constant Rate Factor) for quality-based encoding (e.g., --crf 23), or bitrate targets for constrained delivery (--bitrate 2000).
  5. Step 5: Apply tuning options for specific content types: --tune film, --tune animation, --tune grain, or --tune psnr/ssim for objective quality metrics.
  6. Step 6: Enable advanced features like parallel processing with --frame-threads and --wpp, 10-bit depth with --input-depth 10, or HDR metadata with --master-display and --max-cll.
  7. Step 7: Monitor encoding progress and statistics output to terminal, then verify the encoded HEVC stream with media players or validators.
  8. Step 8: Integrate x265 into automated workflows using its API/library interface for batch processing, or combine with FFmpeg for complete transcoding pipelines with audio and container muxing.

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